Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a condition characterized by pain and tenderness on the outer part of the elbow. Despite its name, it can affect anyone, not just tennis players. It's caused by overuse or repetitive stress of the forearm muscles and tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle, a bony prominence on the outer elbow
Symptoms
- Pain: Typically on the outer part of the elbow, which can extend to the forearm and wrist. The pain may worsen with activities involving gripping, lifting, or extending the arm.
- Tenderness: Notable on the lateral epicondyle.
- Weakness: Reduced grip strength or difficulty performing tasks that involve gripping or lifting.
Causes
- Repetitive Strain: Activities that involve repetitive wrist and arm movements, such as playing tennis, painting, or using a computer mouse.
- Overuse: Repeated strain on the extensor muscles of the forearm, which can lead to micro-tears and inflammation in the tendons.
Diagnosis
- Physical Examination: A doctor will check for tenderness, pain on specific movements, and weakness.
- Imaging: X-rays may be used to rule out other conditions, while MRI or ultrasound can help visualize the extent of the damage to the tendons.
Treatment Options
1. Conservative Management:
- Rest: Avoid activities that aggravate the condition.
- Ice: Apply ice packs to reduce pain and swelling.
- NSAIDs: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications can help manage pain and inflammation.
- Bracing: Using a forearm brace or elbow strap can reduce strain on the tendons.
- Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen the forearm muscles and improve flexibility.
2. Medical Interventions:
- Corticosteroid Injections: To reduce inflammation and provide temporary relief.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: Involves injecting a concentration of platelets from your own blood into the elbow to promote healing.
3. Surgical Treatment:
- Surgery: Considered if conservative treatments fail after 6 to 12 months. It may involve removing degenerated tissue or repairing damaged tendons.
Prevention
- Proper Technique: Using proper techniques in sports or activities to minimize strain on the elbow.
- Strengthening Exercises: Regular exercises to strengthen the forearm muscles and improve flexibility.
- Equipment Adjustment: Ensuring that sports equipment, like tennis rackets, is properly fitted and suited to your needs.
Recovery from tennis elbow varies depending on the severity of the condition and the treatment approach. Most people experience significant improvement with conservative treatments and physical therapy.
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